Actual controller

Analysis on relationship between shareholders based on the viewpoint of actual controller

上市公司股东关系分析：基于实际控制人的视角

Actual controller is an important concept in the corporate and securities legal system .

公司实际控制人是公司和证券法律制度中的重要概念。

The Relation between Actual Controller 、 Ownership Concentration and Performance of Listed Firms

上市公司实际控制人、股权集中度与业绩之间的关系

But the independent directors can constraint and balance the actual controller .

董事会中的独立董事对实际控制人有约束和制衡作用。

Seeing Through and Governing the Fraud of Listed Company 's Actual Controller

上市公司实际控制人舞弊透视及治理

The characteristic of actual controller and control power of controlling shareholder influence on the informativeness of accounting earnings

实际控制人类别、控股股东控制力与会计盈余的信息量

Based on the specific identity of public opinion , Congress is the actual controller of the United States foreign arms sales .

基于民意机构的特殊身份，美国国会是美国对外军售的真正控制者。

The scope of liquidation obligor shall include the company directors , the controlling shareholders and actual controller .

指明清算义务人的范围应包括公司董事、控股股东和实际控制人。

Controlling shareholder , who is the actual controller of listed company , has a great impact on making the dividend policy .

控股股东是上市公司的实际控制人，决定着现金股利政策的制定。

First , in accordance with the type of the actual controller , the sample is divided into the state-owned enterprises and private enterprises samples .

首先，按照实际控制人类型，将样本分为了国有企业样本和民营企业样本。

With weak investor protection , the seperation of ownership and control motivates actual controller to tunnel resources out of firms .

当投资者保护机制缺失时，控制权和所有权分离是实际控制人转移上市公司资源和利润的制度根源和内在原因。

Actual controller is different from controlling shareholders , operators , affiliates , persons acting in concert and other legal concepts .

实际控制人不同于控股股东、经营者、关联方、一致行动人等其他法律概念。

Secondly , the author expounds the legal characteristics about hidden name shareholder , and on this basis compares them with the " actual controller " .

其次，对隐名股东的法律特征进行了阐述，并在此基础上比较其与实际控制人的区别。

If the controlling shareholder or actual controller of an issuer is a legal person , the name and shareholders of such legal person shall be disclosed .

若发行人的控股股东或实际控制人为法人，应披露该法人的名称及其股东。

Based on the actual controller , the sample companies are divided into State-controlled and non-State-controlled companies to examine how various corporate governance mechanisms make differences in capital structure .

并根据实际控制人把样本公司分成国有和非国有控制两类，研究不同的公司治理机制对资本结构影响是否存在一定差异。

The no-fault liability should be applied to the actual controller such as controlling shareholders , and the fault liability should be applied to the other institution or person .

对控股股东等实际控制人应实行无过错责任原则。对其他做出虚假陈述的机构或自然人实行过错责任原则。

The backstepping method is used to recursively design virtual controllers for each step in the procedure . Each virtual controller and the resulting actual controller are designed using sliding mode control to compensate for model uncertainty .

反步法用来递归设计每一步中的虚拟控制器，而每一步中的虚拟控制器以及最后的实际控制器利用滑模控制实现，对系统的不确定性进行补偿。

The company shall , by referring the said contents , disclose the information about the actual controller , and disclose the ownership and control relationships between itself and the actual controller by block diagram and text .

公司还应比照上述内容，披露公司的实际控制人情况，并以方框图及文字的形式披露公司与实际控制人之间的产权和控制关系。

In settling conflicts among shareholders , the actual controller with state-owned shares background performs even worse than controller with natural person shares . Enhancement Effect still exits obviously in list-companies controlled by state-owned shares .

具有国有股背景的实际控制人比具有自然人背景的实际控制人在协调上市公司股东之间利益冲突方面的效果更差，国有股控制的上市公司增强效应依然明显。

In an associated enterprise , the actual controller usually makes use of the special internal relationship to move the interests between members . Especially when the enterprise happens to financial risks , this inappropriate behavior is almost commonplace .

在关联企业中，实际控制人通常会利用内部的特殊关系，在成员之间进行一种利益的腾挪，尤其是当企业发生财务风险时，这种利益的腾挪几乎是司空见惯的。

The reason that this thesis was proposed is that we are constructing market oriented economy and modern enterprise system , but the corporation legislation has limitedly restrain on the director who is the actual controller of modern corporation .

本文的提出是因为我国正在建设市场经济，建立健全现代企业制度，但我国公司立法对作为现代公司实际控制权人的董事权利行使的限制制度确极为有限。

The " actual controller " refers to anyone who is not a shareholder but is able to hold actual control of the acts of the company by means of investment relations , agreements or any other arrangements .

实际控制人，是指虽不是公司的股东，但通过投资关系、协议或者其他安排，能够实际支配公司行为的人。

Making the largest shareholder as the interests of the invasion and occupation of the main body , regardless of actual controller , it seems to be a bit lopsided , so there is scope for further research .

本文选择将第一大股东作为利益侵占主体，而对实际控制人未加以考虑显得有些片面，因而在研究深度上还有进一步研究的空间。

Our country adopts independent regulation mode of actual controller which is clearer and more direct compared with other modes , but if the foundation system is not perfect , it is easy to cause a lack of legislation of supervision .

我国采用的实际控制人独立规制模式，相较于其他模式更为明确和直接，但如果基础制度不够完善，容易造成监管的空白地带。

The model includes main structures of the actual controller and basic portions that affect the dynamic performance of AC / DC systems . It has clear structures and is easy to be assembled and extended , also convenient for parameter debugging .

该模型基本涵盖实际控制器的主要结构以及影响交直流系统动态特性的基本环节，具有结构明晰、可组合、易扩展、参数调试方便等多方面的优点。

Moreover , before the share reform , neither of the nature or control proportion of actual controller influenced the information transparency , and the lower the degree of departure between control and ownership , the higher the information transparency of listed companies .

除此之外，股权分置改革前，实际控制人性质为国有或非国有、实际控制人拥有上市公司的控制权比例对信息透明度的影响均不大；实际控制人两权背离程度越小，信息越透明。

But in these listed companies , often have the actual controller through controlling chain to realize its control gain , and deprived the interests of small and medium shareholders , at last make the listed company of " ultimate control " pocket .

但是我们也看到，在这些上市公司的背后，往往隐藏着实际的控制人通过控制链条实现其控制权私利，剥夺了广大中小股东的利益，使得上市公司成为终极控制人的钱袋子。

Carries on the legal rules and regulations to the affiliated transactions , must begin from following several aspects . First , through define legal concepts including connected relationship , controlling shareholder and actual controller to define the affiliated transactions main body .

对关联交易进行立法完善，应当从以下几个方面着手：首先，通过界定关联关系、控股股东、实际控股人等法律概念，准确界定关联交易主体。

The separation of control rights and cash flow rights comes out , which makes that the actual controller have greater motivation to do harm to the creditors . It means that the agency problems lead to the rise in the cost of debt .

金字塔控制结构下的控制权与现金流权分离使得上市公司的实际控制人有更强的动机采取损害债权人利益的行为，代理问题的加重导致债务融资成本提高。

But in this combination , the low exchange rate leads to successful combination . It has two key factors . One is the actual controller is BAI LIAN CO. The other one is that two companies are located in Shanghai and government helps too .

但这次合并之所以最终以较低的换股比率合并成功，究其原因主要有两点关键因素：一是其实际控制人均为百联集团；二是两家公司均地处上海，政府起到了一定的作用。